Translatio Temporum
Transfer of Times
In English grammar, the "historical present" is the use of a verb phrase in the present tense to refer to an event that took place in the past. In narratives, the historical present may be used to create an effect of immediacy. Also called the "historic present, dramatic present, and narrative present."
In rhetoric, the use of the present tense to report on events from the past is called translatio temporum ("transfer of times"). "The term "translation" is particularly interesting," notes German English literature educator Heinrich Plett, "because it is also the Latin word for metaphor. It clearly shows that the historical present only exists as an intended tropical deviation of the past tense."
Rembrandt, A Life in Light and Shadow is a historical novel written in the present tense. I use it in my storytelling to make past actions feel immediate, vivid, and happening right now in front of the reader.
Dialogues
Harmen places one heavy, flour-dusted palm on the papers. The skin of his hand is rough as millstone grit. “You will stop this,” he says, the words carrying the dry rasp of a man who spends his days shouting over the noise of grinding. “A miller’s son learns the trade that feeds him. Not this scratching of faces while the windmill sails turn.”
Inner thoughts
He sees us as we truly are, not as the mill requires us to be. When he looks at Gerrit’s hand he does not see only the ruin; he sees the silver the light makes of the scars. When he looks at my eyes he does not see only weariness; he sees the weight of every loaf I have ever baked and every prayer I have ever whispered in the dark. If God has set this hunger in him, who am I to quench it with the bread of the body alone? Between the grain that feeds the mouth and the light that feeds the soul there must be room for both, or the soul itself will starve and the body will not even know it has died.
Description
This household is itself a miniature of the young Republic. The father embodies the Reformed order that secured survival through discipline and measurable labour. The mother carries the older, more contemplative faith that still remembers the invisible. The children form the living ground upon which these forces contend. And the boy with charcoal in his palms is the unexpected power that neither order fully anticipates—the power that will one day transform the very meaning of seeing.

